Feelings of stress and anxiety during procedures may elicit strong behavioral responses such as crying, withdrawal or showing uncooperative behavior. Medical procedures in children such as blood drawing performed at the outpatient department are often accompanied by stress and anxiety before and during the procedure ( 1). (Pre)procedural anxiety and its negative (health)consequence in children-short and long term Future efforts should create a more tailored journey, define an optimal engagement window and formulate implementation strategies.ġ. Qualitative data showed five themes: (1) user-friendliness, (2) coherence and power of storytelling, (3) motivation and reward, (4) fit with real hospital journey, (5) procedural comfort.ĭiscussion: Using participatory design, we developed a child-centered solution that supports children in the entire hospital journey and may diminish preprocedural stress and anxiety. The pilot study showed that the app was evaluated positively on usability and user-experience and is considered feasible. The Hospital Hero app supports children in their hospital journey by facilitating preparation at home and providing distraction at the hospital. Results: Multiple stress and anxiety experience touchpoints were identified. We triangulated data from online interviews with children and caregivers ( n = 21) and online questionnaires ( n = 46). The app was evaluated on use, user-experience and usability during an eight-week pilot study in practice (Study 2).
The prototype was tested with children, resulting in a first version of the Hospital Hero app. Iterative development and testing with children ( n = 8) and caregivers ( n = 6) resulted in a working prototype. We performed an experience journey session with stakeholders ( n = 13) to map the child's outpatient journey, identify pains and gains, and formulate the desired experience journey. In study 1 we adopted a participatory design approach in which children's experiences were central to the design process. Methods: This is a multi-study report on the development (Study 1) and evaluation (Study 2) of a first version of the developed app. We also aimed to gain in-depth insights in children's and caregivers' opinions and experiences to inform future improvements. Objective: To develop an eHealth solution to diminish preprocedural stress and anxiety, and to evaluate the app on use, usability and user experience in practice. eHealth can combine multiple strategies and provide a low-cost solution that can be used outside the hospital. Moreover, interventions often focus on either distraction or preparation. Current interventions mainly diminish stress and anxiety during procedures, while stress and anxiety often build up at home. 5Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlandsīackground: Medical procedures can cause considerable stress and anxiety among children.4The Willem-Alexander Pediatric Hospital, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.3Design for Impact, Rotterdam, Netherlands.2National EHealth Living Lab (NeLL), Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.1Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.Vegt 1,2,5, Nicole Donkel 4, Veronique van Noort 4, Niels H. Poot 1,2*, Eline Meijer 1,2, Annet Bruil 3, Melanie Venema 4, Niko J.
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